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猫为什么会吃草?

时间:2023-03-21 14:21 点击:113 编辑:admin

养过猫咪和狗狗的小伙伴都知道,猫咪和狗狗不仅爱吃肉,对“猫草”这种植物也情有独钟。

所谓“猫草”,即宠物可以食用的草类植物,这包括室外普遍可见的各类小草,也包括专门在室内为它们种植的小麦苗。然而,人们不免会产生疑问,相比猫粮和狗粮,这些草类植物显然并不可口,为什么还会对爱宠产生如此大的吸引力呢?

更奇怪的是,它们吃完后还会再吐出来,人们对此真是百思不得其解。

如今,教研团队终于为我们揭开了猫咪食草的答案。经过加州大学戴维斯分校兽医学院的本杰明·莱斯利·哈特(Benjamin Leslie Hart)和其团队的数据分析,他们指出,吃草这一行为并非是在生病时为了催吐,也并不是一种后天习得行为,而是动物的本能反应,而且,不是所有猫咪在食草后都会出现呕吐行为。

猫咪吃草是一种普遍存在的现象


研究采集了 1000 多位铲屎官(他们每天观察和照顾猫咪的时间在三个小时以上)的观察数据,数据总结,从未出现食草行为的猫咪仅为 11% ,也就是说,89%的猫咪都有吃草的习惯,而这89%中,有 61% 的猫咪吃草次数达到了十次极其以上,50%以上的猫咪吃草行为呈日规律或周规律。

除此之外,91%的铲屎官表示,他们的猫咪在身体健康的时候也会吃草,只有27% 的铲屎官表示他们的猫咪在吃草后产生了呕吐现象。

所以,基于以上数据,我们可以总结,猫咪并不是在身体不舒服的时候才会吃草,吃草后出现的呕吐现象也只是个别情况。


外刊原文和翻译:

Cats do a lot of weird things. One of the biggies is eating grass, often to throw it up just a few minutes later. Now, after perhaps centuries of mystery, scientists think they know why.
猫会做很多奇怪的事情。但要说最奇怪的,莫过于吃草这一行为了,而且它们吃进去后通常几分钟后又会吐出来。如今,经过几个世纪的漫长探索,科学家终于找到了答案。

Researchers surveyed more than 1000 cat owners on the internet who spent at least 3 hours a day watching and hanging out with their pet. As many cat parents suspected, eating plants is an extremely common behavior: Seventy-one percent of the animals were caught in the act at least six times in their lifetime, whereas only 11% were never observed gobbling greenery.
研究人员在网上调查了1000多名猫主人,他们每天至少花3个小时观察和陪伴自己的宠物。正如许多养猫人士观察到的,猫科动物吃植物是一种极其常见的行为:数据表明,在71%的猫的一生中,人们至少会看到它们吃草6次,只有11%的动物从未被观察到吞食植物。

Many online explanations for grass eating posit that the behavior helps cats throw up when they’re feeling ill. But only about a quarter of grass eaters were observed vomiting afterward, and 91% of respondents said their cat did not appear sick before imbibing plant matter.
至于猫为何吃草,网上大都认为这种行为会帮助动物在生病期间的催吐动作,帮助它们恢复健康。但实际上,人们观察到,只有大约1/4的猫在吃完植物后出现呕吐行为,并且91%的受访者表示,他们的猫在吃植物之前并没有生病。

Instead, the vomiting is merely an occasional byproduct of eating grass—not the objective—the researchers say. Eating plants is instinctual and comes with an evolutionary benefit to felines—or at least it used to, they report this week at the annual convention of the International Society for Applied Ethology in Bergen, Norway. Their theory—based on research in chimps and other wild animals—is that grass munching helps animals expel intestinal parasites (p. 106) by increasing muscle activity in the digestive tract. Except, today’s cats likely don’t have these parasites anymore. The authors argue that the strategy probably first evolved in a distant ancestor. (The scientists did not test another common assumption: that eating grass helps cats throw up hairballs.)
而且,研究人员表示,呕吐只是吃草这一行为在猫咪身上偶尔产生的副作用,并不是吃草的主要目的。本周,他们在挪威卑尔根市举行的国际应用动物学年会上发表的一份报告称,吃植物是一种本能行为,对猫科动物的进化大有裨益,至少基于过去的数据来看是这样。通过对黑猩猩和其他野生动物进行研究,研究人员提出这一理论,用力咀嚼植物有助于动物通过增加消化道的肌肉活动排出肠道寄生虫(p. 106) 。当然,如今的猫咪体内可能大多已没有寄生虫了。笔者认为,食草这一行为可能是从远古时代的某个行为进化而来。(科学家并没有对另一个普遍认可的食草假设进行验证:吃草有助于猫吐出毛球)

The team’s advice to cat owners: Buy or cultivate some indoor grass for your pets to chew on. This will give them a chance to exercise this innate behavior with a safe source of nonpoisonous plant life. And if your cat throws up afterward, at least you can take solace in your knowledge that it wasn’t on purpose or out of spite … probably.
研究团队给猫主人的建议是,为宠物购买或者在室内种植一些猫草。这样可以为它们提供安全无毒的植物来锻炼食草这种天性。而且,如果猫咪食草后出现呕吐现象,我们在了解这一行为后也知道,它们应该不是故意为之,也不是故意捣乱……

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